What exactly is the difference between a surge protector and a fuse? Can a fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of surge protector?
Last Updated: 03.07.2025 04:51
This is where this question deviates from being a 'generic' question, and becomes more specific.
For this case there are devices called Metal oxide varistors (MOV).
What does a fuse do?
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Can the fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of a surge protector.
(There is no concept of polarity, in the loop because the current changes direction 100 to 120 times a second (power frequency).
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Edit 2024–10.
2024–10–14 [Omar Gharbi Omar Gharbi ]
When the current is 200% of the rated value , it will “go open” (the link metal melts) and protect the device.
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A circuit breaker is similar, but is resettable.
A fuse is a non-resetable over current circuit protector.
This is an electronic circuit designed to clamp voltages so that the Voltage Potential that appears at the outlet is never going to exceed the nominal value.
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the problem then depends on "how fast does the fuse operate?".
It’s been three xxx five werks, and there has been no response to my follow on query on his Commment to my answer.
Upvotes:
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Is the question then , "why buy a surge supressor, if the fuse alone protects the electronic circuits from a lightning bolt?".
This one hit behind the barn.
The bolt then partially travels down the line to your home.
I post the exact comment here.
“ … to protect building, lightning arrestor, is provided above building and directly connected to earth.”
“ A surge suppressor is the one which is connected at the input supply so that when there is a sudden change voltage it bypasses thereby protecting the (circuit) and electronic components”
These devices are installed between the “hot” and “neutral” and protective ground.
If the nominal power is 4,000 watts then the current at 230volts is 16 amps.
The other is “what does a “fuse” do?”
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There are two important concepts here.
but this device (an Inductor) … impedes the rapid changes in the current.
One is “what exactly is in a ‘surge protector’ ? ”
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At one ohm, the resistor has a maximum of 1 watt power.
2024–10–11 [Bobby Sanchez Bobby Sanchez ].
Lightning arrestor is a spark-gap device, and can be installed anywhere. What is important, is that the wire is thick enough to withstand the lightning bolt and conduct the energy away from the building.
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so, the loop of wire then, when put together with another loop reduces the ‘noise’ on a power line.
But… the neutral is now “floating” because of the 1 ohm resistance.
It also is a device that limits the change in current flow.
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This device then solves the entire problem.
At the secondary, it is 1000 times less.)turns ratio). If it gets hit with a 100,000 volt bolt of lightning then the voltage arrestors conduct and clamp the voltage down to line voltage, ( but a small amount leaks down the line). This is the problem.
“ A fuse is a device which protects the (circuit) against overload and short circuit.”
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The MOV will conduct when the voltage exceeds 50% of line voltage.
OK, this is Mohan Rajaratnam’s definition of a Surge suppressor.
This is a high voltage low current spike that comes down the line because of the power poles being struck, and the voltage suppressors activating on the primary side of the transformer.
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2024–10–11 [Victor Olarewsju Victor Olarewaju ]
These are simplified answers to the original question, and does not change anything I wrote above.
First Sentence:
And this is the problem alone. Is the power supply in the equipmemt designed with a lightning strike in mind? Some yes, others, no.
Fuses, on their own, then operate much slower than the MOV variable resistance, during the lightning strike.
2024–10–00 [ Ammar Mahdi ] Ammar Mahdi
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So, the voltage could go up to 500 volts, and the fuse will not open up.
He then describes the function of a fuse.
What is lightning?
but I think this circuit , shows a few more pieces.
a photo is worth a thousand words.
He then describes Rainy Season and Lightning.
This is a photo where a lightning bolt took out a home's complete mains distribution box, and a lot of electronic gear as well.
The third is lightning and “how it gets conducted into a home.”
An AC voltage/ current source, and an ac inductive load.
Here is a simplified AC power diagram.
He then asserts :
Mohan forgets that a fuse is a one-time device, and needs to be replaced if it is tripped.
[image of Common-mode choke]
so, what happens?
There are three different concepts here that are getting confused.
This is the picture of an electronic coil of wire wound around a core of magnetic material.
2024–09–27 [ Mohan Rajaratnam Mohan Rajaratnam ] . Thinks you can get free electricity from nothing : Mohan Rajaratnam's answer to Is it possible to generate free electricity at home using a magnet or other low-cost methods? If so, how does it work?
This is 'the assistant's answer'
[old diagram got deleted by accident]
At least they know the answer if they wanted it.
So, it’s possible that these devices from Trip Lite have addition suppression devices, these ones seem to be sturdy.
So combined with a device called a MOV or Metal-oxide-resistor, then forms the 3rd part of a “surge suppressor “.
Because the load is inductive, the current lags the voltage.(by a bit).
It seems Mohan does not understand the difference between a comment and an Answer.
Would individual surge supressors have save this equipment? most likely, since the surge supressor would take the jolt instead of the electronic components.
There is no harm in having the surge suppressor along with the fuse in the circuit. The fuse will not open up until the current melts the link. This will take time, and in the interim, that jolt will get transmitted into the power supplies.
In schematic diagrams this is the symbol for a fuse:
But during the surge, the fuse will not blow if it is a longer duration and lower value )10 to 50%).
Barnstars:
P = e* I, so since I is 16 amps, then the voltage dropped is 1/16 volt or 0.0650 volts.
2024–10–16 [ OO OLAOYE OYEBODE ]
But it can get overloaded, and no longer works.
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2024–10–10[John johnson John Johnson ]
Once the voltage goes over 0.0650 volts, then this fact can be used to amplify the difference, and turn the circuit breaker off , furthur down the line. Essentially that is what a RCD/GFCI does, it compares the incoming current, to the outgoing current, and if the difference between the two currents is over 5mA, then it trips the circuit breaker.
(Dc diagram shown, AC is similar).
Now when you have a certain ac resistance, then a current flows in a loop.
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what exactly is a ‘surge’ protector?
This is where the MOV conducts again, and dissipated the energy.